O
oxygen 1, 21
P
particle accelerators 9, 16, 17,
18, 22, 26, 27–33, 48–61,
96, 104
bubble chambers and 65, 67
evolution of 49–54
Higgs boson 124–5
linear 27, 32, 36, 48–9, 54–7,
61
particle colliders 58–61, 73, 88,
126
detectors at 76–80
particle detectors:
bubble chambers 65–9, 71,
79
cloud chambers 63–4, 65, 79
at colliders 76–80
drift chambers 72
emulsions 64
multiwire proportional
chambers 71–2
neutrinos 73–6
silicon strip detectors 73
spark chambers 69–71
Pauli exclusion principle 38
Penzias, Arno and Wilson,
Robert 114
PEP2 (B factory), Stanford 60
photino 119, 121
photography 64, 65, 67, 69
photons 35, 36, 42, 45, 77, 87,
88, 122
affinity 118
mass of 110, 124
motion 90
solar fusion cycle 108
transmission of
electromagnetic force
109–10
phototubes 74, 77
pions 45, 46, 50, 52, 89, 96,
127
Planck’s constant 25, 37, 87,
118
plasma 11, 107, 108, 125–6
plutonium 4
poles 82
positrons 18, 43, 46, 57, 99
antineutrinos and 44
colliders 59, 60, 61, 80,
89
discovery of 64
electrons and 96–7
neutrino reaction to
deuterium 76
particle detectors 77, 80
solar fusion cycle 108
potassium decay 42
protons 3–4, 14, 29, 82, 99
antiprotons 18, 43–4, 47
beta decay 40–1, 47, 110
Big Bang 11, 20, 111–13
energy levels 35, 36
fusion with neutrons 112
inside the Sun 106–7
mass 17, 39
nucleus stability 82–4, 106
particle accelerators 27–33,
50, 52–4, 57
particle colliders 58, 59, 61,
70, 89
quarks and 37, 52, 93–4
size 14
spin 38
145
Index