12
Contents
7.2.3. Ablation in the regime of stress confinement: photomechanical effects 176
7.2.4. Transition from spallation to explosive boiling in the stress
confinement regime 185
7.2.5. Parameters of the clusters/droplets generated
in laser ablation 188
7.3. Particle ejection in laser ablation of dilute polymer solutions 197
Conclusion 204
References 207
Glava 8. Microscopic mechanisms of matrix assisted laser desorption of analyte
molecules: Molecular dynamics simulation
Т.Е. Itina, L. V. Zhigilei, B.J. Garrison 221
Introduction 221
8.1. Model and simulation details 223
8.2. Simulation results and discussion 225
8.2.1. Ablation plume development and analyte ejection 226
8.2.2. Desolvatation of analyte molecules 229
8.2.3. Velocities and fragmentation of analyte molecules 234
Conclusion 238
References 239
Glava 9. Direct simulation Monte Carlo study of cluster formation processes
during laser plume expansion in vacuum and in the presence of a background gas
Т.Е. Itina, K. Gouriet, L. V. Zhigilei 243
Introduction 243
9.1. Combined MD-DSMC model 245
9.1.1. General description of the combined MD-DSMC model 245
9.1.2. Interface between the MD and DSMC simulations 245
9.1.3. Modified DSMC method for modeling of ablated flows with clusters
and reactions 248
9.2. Combined LP-DSMC numerical method 254
9.2.1. First stage of plasma plume expansion: the method of large particles 255
9.2.2. Second stage of plume expansion into a background gas: Direct
Monte Carlo simulation (DSMC) 257
9.3. Results of MD-DSMC obtained for vacuum conditions 258
9.4. Results of LP-DSMC obtained for ablation in the presence of a background gas .... 260
Conclusion 261
References 263
Glava 10. Mathematical modeling of the processes of cluster formation
and growth under nanosecond laser ablation of solids
N. Yu. Bykov, G.A. Lukianoг| 266
Introduction 266
10.1. Combined model of nanosecond laser ablation (LA) 269
10.2. Cluster formation under nanosecond LA of a flat niobium
target 275