Артамонова Н.В. Кадровый менеджмент
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áîâ îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ôóíêöèé â öåëÿõ ïîâûøåíèÿ ýôôåêòèâíîñòè
ïðîèçâîäñòâà è êà÷åñòâà ïðîäóêöèè (óñëóã).
Ôóíêöèîíàëüíàÿ ïîäñèñòåìà – ïîäñèñòåìà êîìïëåêñíîé ñèñ-
òåìû ðóêîâîäñòâà ñîòðóäíèêàìè ôèðìû, â êîòîðîé ðåãëàìåíòèðó-
þòñÿ òðåáîâàíèÿ ê ýëåìåíòàì ïðîöåññà ïåðåðàáîòêè «âõîäà» ñèñ-
òåìû â åå "âûõîä" è îðãàíèçóåòñÿ ñàì ïðîöåññ.
Ôóíêöèîíàëüíûå ïåðåìåùåíèÿ – ïåðåõîä ðàáîòíèêîâ èç îäíîé
êàòåãîðèè ïåðñîíàëà â äðóãóþ.
Öåëåâàÿ ïîäñèñòåìà — ïîäñèñòåìà êîìïëåêñíîé ñèñòåìû ðó-
êîâîäñòâà ñîòðóäíèêàìè ôèðìû, â êîòîðîé ñôîðìóëèðîâàíû òàê-
òè÷åñêèå è ñòðàòåãè÷åñêèå öåëè ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ ñèñòåìû.
×åëîâå÷åñêèå ðåñóðñû ôèðìû – ñîâîêóïíîñòü ñîöèîêóëüòóðíûõ õà-
ðàêòåðèñòèê è ëè÷íîñòíî-ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèõ ñâîéñòâ åå ðàáîòíèêîâ.
×åëîâå÷åñêèé ôàêòîð – ðàáîòíèêè ïðåäïðèÿòèé, îðãàíèçàöèé
è ó÷ðåæäåíèé, îáúåäèíåííûå äëÿ ñîâìåñòíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè.
 ñòðóêòóðíîì ïëàíå – ëè÷íîñòü, ðàáî÷àÿ ãðóïïà, òðóäîâîé êîë-
ëåêòèâ.
Øòàòíîå ðàñïèñàíèå ôèðìû – îðãàíèçàöèîííî-ðàñïîðÿäèòåëü-
íûé äîêóìåíò, â êîòîðîì ïîìèìî ïåðå÷íÿ äîëæíîñòåé ïî êàæäî-
ìó íàèìåíîâàíèþ ïðèâîäÿòñÿ ÷èñëåííîñòü ïîñòîÿííûõ ñîòðóäíè-
êîâ è èõ ìåñÿ÷íûå äîëæíîñòíûå îêëàäû.
Ýêîíîìè÷åñêè àêòèâíîå íàñåëåíèå – ÷àñòü íàñåëåíèÿ, âêëþ-
÷àþùàÿ ëèö, çàíÿòûõ îáùåñòâåííî-ïîëåçíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ, ïðè-
íîñÿùåé äîõîä, à òàêæå áåçðàáîòíûõ, àêòèâíî èùóùèõ ðàáîòó.
Ýêîíîìè÷åñêè íåàêòèâíîå íàñåëåíèå – ÷àñòü íàñåëåíèÿ, âêëþ-
÷àþùàÿ ëèö, çàíÿòûõ óõîäîì çà äåòüìè, ñëóæàùèõ â ðÿäàõ Âîî-
ðóæåííûõ Ñèë è ò. ï.
Ýòèêà äåëîâûõ îòíîøåíèé – ñèñòåìà ñïåöèàëüíûõ è ñïåöèôè-
÷åñêèõ òðåáîâàíèé è íîðì ïîâåäåíèÿ, ðåàëèçóåìûõ â ïðîöåññå
îáùåñòâåííîé æèçíè.
Ýôôåêòèâíîñòü óïðàâëåíèÿ – îäèí èç îñíîâíûõ îöåíî÷íûõ
ïîêàçàòåëåé óïðàâëåíèÿ, îïðåäåëÿåìûé ïîñðåäñòâîì ñîïîñòàâëå-
íèÿ ðåçóëüòàòà (ýêîíîìèè) è çàòðàò íà åãî äîñòèæåíèå.
ßâî÷íûé ñîñòàâ ïåðñîíàëà – ÷èñëåííîñòü âñåõ ñîòðóäíèêîâ,
íåîáõîäèìûõ äëÿ åæåäíåâíîé ðàáîòû ôèðìû ïîëíûé ðàáî÷èé äåíü.
122
Îãëàâëåíèå
1. Ñèñòåìà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïåðñîíàëîì ............................................................. 3
Êîíöåïòóàëüíûå ïîäõîäû â òåîðèè óïðàâëåíèÿ ðàáîòíèêàìè
â ïðîöåññå èõ òðóäîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè .................................................... 4
Ôóíêöèîíàëüíûå íàïðàâëåíèÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòè Ìèíèñòåðñòâà òðóäà è
ñîöèàëüíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ ÐÔ .................................................................... 5
Îðãàíèçàöèÿ è åå ñðåäà ........................................................................ 7
Óðîâíè óïðàâëåíèÿ ............................................................................. 8
Öåëè óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ........................................................... 9
Êëàññèôèêàòîð ôóíêöèé óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ................................ 10
Ìàòðèöà ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ôóíêöèé ñðåäè ïîäðàçäåëåíèé ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ ........ 20
Ëèíåéíàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ ó÷àñòêîì ............................................ 21
Ôóíêöèîíàëüíàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ........................... 22
Ëèíåéíî-ôóíêöèîíàëüíàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ............... 23
Ìàòðè÷íàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ................................... 24
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ èíäèâèäóàëüíûì ÷àñòíûì
ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ..................................................................................... 25
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïîëíûì òîâàðèùåñòâîì ............. 26
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà òîâàðèùåñòâà íà âåðå ................................. 27
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ îáùåñòâîì ñ îãðàíè÷åííîé
îòâåòñòâåííîñòüþ ................................................................................ 28
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ àêöèîíåðíûì îáùåñòâîì ........... 29
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ
ïðîèçâîäñòâåííûì ñåëüñêîõîçÿéñòâåííûì êîîïåðàòèâîì ......................... 30
Îðãàíèçàöèîííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ
(íà ïðèìåðå Áîðñêîãî ñòåêîëüíîãî çàâîäà) ............................................. 31
Ñòðóêòóðíàÿ ïîä÷èíåííîñòü êàäðîâîé ñëóæáû ....................................... 32
Âèäû ïîëîæåíèé êàäðîâûõ ñëóæá ......................................................... 33
Ôóíêöèè ïðîöåññà óïðàâëåíèÿ ............................................................. 34
Ñèñòåìà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïåðñîíàëîì ........................................................... 35
Ïîäñèñòåìà ðàçðàáîòêè îðãñòðóêòóð óïðàâëåíèÿ .................................... 36
Ïîäñèñòåìà ðàçâèòèÿ ñîöèàëüíîé èíôðàñòðóêòóðû ................................. 36
2. Îðãàíèçàöèÿ ðàáîòû ñ ïåðñîíàëîì .......................................................... 37
Çàäà÷è êàäðîâîãî ïëàíèðîâàíèÿ ........................................................... 38
Àëãîðèòì êàäðîâîãî ïëàíèðîâàíèÿ ....................................................... 39
Ðàñõîäû íà êàäðû ............................................................................... 40
Ìîäåëü ñèñòåìû ðóêîâîäñòâà ñîòðóäíèêàìè ôèðìû ................................. 41
Ñòðóêòóðà ïåðñîíàëà ........................................................................... 42
Ìåòîäèêà ïëàíèðîâàíèÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíîé ïîòðåáíîñòè ôèðìû â ïåðñîíàëå 43
Ïëàíèðîâàíèå ïóòåé óäîâëåòâîðåíèÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíîé ïîòðåáíîñòè ôèðìû
â ïåðñîíàëå ........................................................................................ 44
Ôàêòîðû, âîçäåéñòâóþùèå íà òðóäîâóþ äåÿòåëüíîñòü ñîòðóäíèêîâ ôèðìû 45
Ïðîäóêòèâíîñòü òðóäà ðàáîòíèêîâ ôèðìû: ôàêòîðû è âíóòðåííèå ðåçåðâû
ðîñòà ................................................................................................. 46
Ìåòîäèêà àíàëèçà èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ òðóäîâîãî ïîòåíöèàëà ôèðìû ............... 47
Ñîöèàëüíî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå ïîñëåäñòâèÿ òåêó÷åñòè êàäðîâ ........................ 48
Âûñâîáîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëà .................................................................... 49
Âèäû áåçðàáîòèöû ............................................................................... 50
Ðåøåíèå çàäà÷ ïî óïðàâëåíèþ ïåðñîíàëîì ............................................. 51
123
Ïðàêòèêà óïðàâëåíèÿ ïåðñîíàëîì è ñòðàòåãèÿ ôèðìû ............................ 52
Ðåãëàìåíòû óïðàâëåíèÿ ....................................................................... 54
Âçàèìîñâÿçü êàäðîâîé ïîëèòèêè ñ íîðìàòèâíûìè äîêóìåíòàìè ............... 55
Âçàèìîñâÿçü ïîäáîðà ïåðñîíàëà ñ íîðìàòèâíûìè äîêóìåíòàìè ................ 56
Âçàèìîñâÿçü îáó÷åíèÿ ïåðñîíàëà ñ íîðìàòèâíûìè äîêóìåíòàìè ............... 57
Âçàèìîñâÿçü ðàññòàíîâêè ïåðñîíàëà ñ íîðìàòèâíûìè äîêóìåíòàìè .......... 58
3. Ìåòîäû óïðàâëåíèÿ ïåðñîíàëîì .............................................................. 59
Àäìèíèñòðàòèâíûå ìåòîäû óïðàâëåíèÿ ................................................. 60
Îðãàíèçàöèîííûå âîçäåéñòâèÿ ....................................................... 61
Ðàñïîðÿäèòåëüíûå âîçäåéñòâèÿ ...................................................... 61
Ìàòåðèàëüíàÿ îòâåòñòâåííîñòü è âçûñêàíèÿ ................................... 62
Äèñöèïëèíàðíàÿ îòâåòñòâåííîñòü è âçûñêàíèÿ ............................... 62
Àäìèíèñòðàòèâíàÿ îòâåòñòâåííîñòü ............................................... 62
Ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå ìåòîäû óïðàâëåíèÿ ....................................................... 63
Îïëàòà òðóäà ñîòðóäíèêîâ ................................................................... 64
Ñîöèàëüíûå ìåòîäû óïðàâëåíèÿ ........................................................... 65
Ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèå ìåòîäû óïðàâëåíèÿ .................................................... 65
Ïîçèòèâíîå è íåãàòèâíîå âîçäåéñòâèå:
íà óðîâåíü ðåãëàìåíòàöèè óïðàâëåíèÿ ........................................... 66
íà âèäû ðàñïîðÿäèòåëüíûõ âîçäåéñòâèé ......................................... 67
ñèñòåìû ïðåìèðîâàíèÿ èç ïðèáûëè ............................................... 68
èçìåíåíèÿ çàðàáîòíîé ïëàòû ........................................................ 69
õîçÿéñòâåííîãî ðàñ÷åòà ................................................................ 70
ïëàíîâîãî è íåïëàíîâîãî âåäåíèÿ õîçÿéñòâà ................................... 71
íà ñîîòíîøåíèå àäìèíèñòðàòèâíûõ ìåòîäîâ íàêàçàíèÿ è ïîîùðåíèÿ 72
óðîâíÿ ñîöèàëüíîãî è ìåäèöèíñêîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ ............................ 73
íà âçàèìîîòíîøåíèÿ ñîòðóäíèêîâ .................................................. 74
Ïîçèòèâíîå è íåãàòèâíîå âëèÿíèå íà ýôôåêòèâíîñòü ñîöèàëüíûõ ìåòîäîâ
âîçäåéñòâèÿ ........................................................................................ 75
Ïîçèòèâíîå è íåãàòèâíîå âëèÿíèå íà ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèå ìåòîäû âîçäåéñòâèÿ 76
4. Ñîâåðøåíñòâîâàíèå ðàáîòû ñ ïåðñîíàëîì ................................................ 77
Ïóòè è ôîðìû ñîçäàíèÿ íîâûõ ðàáî÷èõ ìåñò ......................................... 78
Àíàëèç ðàáî÷åãî ìåñòà ......................................................................... 79
Ìåòîäû íàáîðà è îòáîðà ðàáîòíèêîâ ..................................................... 84
Ëè÷íîñòíûé ïîòåíöèàë ñîòðóäíèêà ....................................................... 85
Ñîäåðæàíèå ïðîôåññèîãðàììû .............................................................. 86
Äîëæíîñòíàÿ èíñòðóêöèÿ .................................................................... 87
Ìåòîäû îöåíêè ðåçóëüòàòèâíîñòè òðóäà ................................................ 90
Ïóòè ïîâûøåíèÿ ýôôåêòèâíîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ òðóäîâîãî ïîòåíöèàëà
ôèðìû ............................................................................................... 91
Îñíîâíûå ñïîñîáû îöåíêè ÷åëîâå÷åñêèõ ðåñóðñîâ ôèðìû ......................... 93
Êëàññèôèêàöèÿ âíóòðåííèõ ðåçåðâîâ ïîâûøåíèÿ ýôôåêòèâíîñòè òðóäîâîé
äåÿòåëüíîñòè ...................................................................................... 95
Ïîêàçàòåëè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ òðóäîâûõ ðåñóðñîâ ....................................... 96
Ñòðóêòóðà ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ................................................................ 97
Ìåòîäû íîðìèðîâàíèÿ òðóäà ................................................................ 98
Ôàêòîðû, îïðåäåëÿþùèå íîðìó òðóäà ................................................... 99
Íîðìàòèâû òðóäà ................................................................................ 100
Ôîðìû ñîöèàëüíîãî ñòðàõîâàíèÿ íà ïðåäïðèÿòèè .................................. 101
Ïðèëîæåíèå. Ñëîâàðü ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ ïîíÿòèé ....................................... 102
Ó÷åáíîå èçäàíèå
Àðòàìîíîâà Íàäåæäà Âàñèëüåâíà
ÊÀÄÐÎÂÛÉ ÌÅÍÅÄÆÌÅÍÒ
Ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïîñîáèå
Ðåäàêòîð À. Ã. Ëàðèîíîâà
Êîìïüþòåðíàÿ âåðñòêà À. Í. Êîëåøêî
Ñäàíî â íàáîð 02.04.03. Ïîäïèñàíî ê ïå÷àòè 08.05.03. Ôîðìàò 60×84 1/16. Áóìàãà îôñåòíàÿ.
Ïå÷àòü îôñåòíàÿ. Óñë. ïå÷. ë. 6,5. Óñë. êð.-îòò. 6,6. Ó÷.-èçä. ë. 7,0. Òèðàæ 300 ýêç.
Çàêàç ¹ 171
Ðåäàêöèîííî-èçäàòåëüñêèé îòäåë
Îòäåë ýëåêòðîííûõ ïóáëèêàöèé è áèáëèîãðàôèè áèáëèîòåêè
Îòäåë îïåðàòèâíîé ïîëèãðàôèè
ÑÏáÃÓÀÏ
190000, Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, óë. Á. Ìîðñêàÿ, 67