Gulf Publishing Company, 2006. 496 p. ISBN:1933762005
Natural Gas is becoming an increasingly important component of our world’s energy supply as more and more countries tu to natural gas as one of their main sources of energy. Along with it’s companion from Gulf Publishing Company, The Natural Gas Engineering Handbook, these two books form the basic library for any engineer working with natural gas today.
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Preface
Symbols
Unit Conversions
Introduction
Transportation System
Measurement
Fluid Classification, Commercial
Material Quality
Risk Management
Composition and Quality
Assay
Quality Parameters and Tolerances
Potential Impacts of Gas Quality
Typical Streams
Physical Properties and Process Conditions
Natural Gas
Fluid Classification: Technical
Phase Envelope
Fluid Properties
Process (or Operating) Conditions
Typical Natural Gas Physical Properties
Measurement Concepts
Applicable Fluids
Base Conditions
Flowmeters (or Primary Devices)
Flowmeter Calibration Concepts
Law of Similarity
Single-Phase Fluid Flow in Pipes
Multiphase Fluid Flow in Pipes
Secondary Devices
Tertiary Device
Uncertainty
Total Cost of Measurement
Orifice Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Artifact Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Ultrasonic Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Central Facility Calibration
In Situ Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Turbine Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Central Facility Calibration
In Situ Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Rotary Displacement Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Central Facility Calibration
In Situ Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Calculations
Base Conditions
Physical Properties
Natural Gas Density
GPA 2 172 versus A.G.A.8
Mass Flow Rate in Pipes
Mass Flow Rate for Orifice Flowmeter
Mass Flow Rate for Ultrasonic Flowmeter
Mass Flow Rate for Turbine Flowmeter
Mass Flow Rate for Rotary Displacement Flowmeter
Volumetric Flow Rate at Base Conditions
Energy Flow Rate at Base Conditions
Quantities
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
General
Differential Pressure (dP)
Static Pressure
Temperature
Multivariable Transmitter
Online Densitometer
Moisture Analyzer
Online Gas Chromatograph
Other Analyzers
Flow Computers
Gas Sampling Systems
Electronic Gas Measurement
Description of an Electronic Gas Measurement System
System Accuracy
Definitions
Low Flow Detection
Averaging Techniques
Compressibility, Density, and Heating Values
Hourly and Daily Quantity Calculations
Data Availability
Audit and Reporting Requirements
Equipment Verification, Calibration, and Certification
Security
Sampling Flow Variables
Uncertainty
Uncertainty Terms
Measurement Uncertainty
Examples of Flowmeter Uncertainties
Statistical Weighting
Measurement System Design
Targeted Uncertainty
Fluid Physical Properties
Operating Design Data
Other Process Conditions
General Equipment Redundancy
Site Requirements
Structures
Piping Requirements
Pressure Regulation and Control
Flare and Vent Facilities
Overpressure Protection
Thermal Relief Valves
Headers
Strainers
DB&B Valves
Check Valves
Pulsation Control
Primary Device
Secondary Devices
Tertiary Device (Flow Computer)
Control Valves
Wiring and Grounding
Measurement Control Panel
Power Supplies
Satellite Panels
Supervisory Control and Leak Detection
Security
Factory Acceptance Testing
Dewatering, Cleaning, and Drying
Commissioning
Orifice Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Strainers
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Ultrasonic Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Acoustic Filter
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Flowmeter: SPU, Electrical, and Software
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Turbine Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Strainer and Lubrication
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Flowmeter: SPU, Electrical, and Software
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Rotary Displacement Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Filtration and Lubrication
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Flowmeter: SPU, Electrical, and Software
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Inspection, Testing, Verification, Calibration, and Certification
Inspection
Testing
Verification
Calibration
Certification
Equipment
Equipment Information
Records Appendix: Standards, Publications, and Regulations
A. 1 Mechanical Standards and Publications
A.2 Electrical Standards and Publications
A.3 Measurement Standards and Publications
A.4 U.S. Govement Regulations Glossary
Index
Natural Gas is becoming an increasingly important component of our world’s energy supply as more and more countries tu to natural gas as one of their main sources of energy. Along with it’s companion from Gulf Publishing Company, The Natural Gas Engineering Handbook, these two books form the basic library for any engineer working with natural gas today.
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Preface
Symbols
Unit Conversions
Introduction
Transportation System
Measurement
Fluid Classification, Commercial
Material Quality
Risk Management
Composition and Quality
Assay
Quality Parameters and Tolerances
Potential Impacts of Gas Quality
Typical Streams
Physical Properties and Process Conditions
Natural Gas
Fluid Classification: Technical
Phase Envelope
Fluid Properties
Process (or Operating) Conditions
Typical Natural Gas Physical Properties
Measurement Concepts
Applicable Fluids
Base Conditions
Flowmeters (or Primary Devices)
Flowmeter Calibration Concepts
Law of Similarity
Single-Phase Fluid Flow in Pipes
Multiphase Fluid Flow in Pipes
Secondary Devices
Tertiary Device
Uncertainty
Total Cost of Measurement
Orifice Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Artifact Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Ultrasonic Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Central Facility Calibration
In Situ Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Turbine Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Central Facility Calibration
In Situ Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Rotary Displacement Flowmeter
General Principles
Mass Flow Equation
Central Facility Calibration
In Situ Calibration
Uncertainty Roadmap
Sources of Error
Risk Management
Calculations
Base Conditions
Physical Properties
Natural Gas Density
GPA 2 172 versus A.G.A.8
Mass Flow Rate in Pipes
Mass Flow Rate for Orifice Flowmeter
Mass Flow Rate for Ultrasonic Flowmeter
Mass Flow Rate for Turbine Flowmeter
Mass Flow Rate for Rotary Displacement Flowmeter
Volumetric Flow Rate at Base Conditions
Energy Flow Rate at Base Conditions
Quantities
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
General
Differential Pressure (dP)
Static Pressure
Temperature
Multivariable Transmitter
Online Densitometer
Moisture Analyzer
Online Gas Chromatograph
Other Analyzers
Flow Computers
Gas Sampling Systems
Electronic Gas Measurement
Description of an Electronic Gas Measurement System
System Accuracy
Definitions
Low Flow Detection
Averaging Techniques
Compressibility, Density, and Heating Values
Hourly and Daily Quantity Calculations
Data Availability
Audit and Reporting Requirements
Equipment Verification, Calibration, and Certification
Security
Sampling Flow Variables
Uncertainty
Uncertainty Terms
Measurement Uncertainty
Examples of Flowmeter Uncertainties
Statistical Weighting
Measurement System Design
Targeted Uncertainty
Fluid Physical Properties
Operating Design Data
Other Process Conditions
General Equipment Redundancy
Site Requirements
Structures
Piping Requirements
Pressure Regulation and Control
Flare and Vent Facilities
Overpressure Protection
Thermal Relief Valves
Headers
Strainers
DB&B Valves
Check Valves
Pulsation Control
Primary Device
Secondary Devices
Tertiary Device (Flow Computer)
Control Valves
Wiring and Grounding
Measurement Control Panel
Power Supplies
Satellite Panels
Supervisory Control and Leak Detection
Security
Factory Acceptance Testing
Dewatering, Cleaning, and Drying
Commissioning
Orifice Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Strainers
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Ultrasonic Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Acoustic Filter
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Flowmeter: SPU, Electrical, and Software
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Turbine Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Strainer and Lubrication
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Flowmeter: SPU, Electrical, and Software
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Rotary Displacement Flowmeter Design
General
Velocity and Piping Insulation
Filtration and Lubrication
Flowmeter Assembly
Flowmeter, Mechanical
Piping Spools, Mechanical
Flowmeter: SPU, Electrical, and Software
Secondary and Tertiary Devices
Inspection, Testing, Verification, Calibration, and Certification
Inspection
Testing
Verification
Calibration
Certification
Equipment
Equipment Information
Records Appendix: Standards, Publications, and Regulations
A. 1 Mechanical Standards and Publications
A.2 Electrical Standards and Publications
A.3 Measurement Standards and Publications
A.4 U.S. Govement Regulations Glossary
Index