Леонард Бернстайн - Халиль для флейты с оркестром (Партитура и
клавир)
Halil is a work for flute and chamber orchestra composed by Leonard
Bestein composed in 1981. The work is sixteen minutes in length.
Bestein composed Halil in honor of a young Israeli flutist Yadin
Tanenbaum who was killed at the Suez Canal in during the 1973 Yom
Kippur war. The work was premiered at the Sultan’s Pool in
Jerusalem on May 27, 1981 with Jean-Pierre Rampal as the soloist
and Bestein conducting the Israel Philharmonic.[1] The American
premiere took place at Tanglewood on July 4, 1981 with Doriot
Anthony Dwyer as the soloist and members of the Boston Symphony
Orchestra.[2]
Instrumentation.
Halil is scored for scored for solo flute, piccolo and alto flute, timpani, five percussionists (four snare drums, bass drum, four tom toms, a pair of cymbals, high and low crash cymbals, high and low gongs, chimes, tam-tam, high and low triangles, four woodblocks, whip, xylophone, glockenspiel, and vibraphone), harp, and strings. In the 1987 version for flute, piano, and percussion the timpani becomes optional and the keyboard percussion parts (xylophone, glockenspiel, and vibraphone) are eliminated. Bestein notes, Piccolo and Alto Flute, in the orchestral version, must sound from a distance and be unseen." Dedication.
In the score to Halil, Bestein writes:
This work is dedicated ‘To the spirit of Yadin and to his fallen brothers… Halil (the Hebrew word for ‘flute’) is formally unlike any other work I have written, but is like much of my music in its struggle between tonal and non-tonal forces. In this case, I sense that struggle as involving wars and the threat of wars, the overwhelming desire to live, and the consolations of art, love and the hope for peace. It is a kind of night-music, which, from its opening 12-tone row to its ambiguously diatonic final cadence, is an ongoing conflict of noctual images: wish-dreams, nightmares, repose, sleeplessness, night-terrors and sleep itself, Death’s twin brother. I never knew Yadin Tannenbaum, but I know his spirit. Structure.
While Bestein dabbled in dodecaphonic writing in Kaddish and Dybbuk, Halil is rooted in twelve-tone techniques. The flute solo falls silent near the end of the work, as if to suggest the wastefulness of Yadin’s death, and the alto flute embedded within the orchestra or placed off stage plays a duet with the solo viola. Halil was received well by critics; the horror that Bestein attempted to convey was heard. A Washington Tribune critic commented, [Halil is] a brooding, terrific element which whispers of nightmares and nameless horrors.
Halil is scored for scored for solo flute, piccolo and alto flute, timpani, five percussionists (four snare drums, bass drum, four tom toms, a pair of cymbals, high and low crash cymbals, high and low gongs, chimes, tam-tam, high and low triangles, four woodblocks, whip, xylophone, glockenspiel, and vibraphone), harp, and strings. In the 1987 version for flute, piano, and percussion the timpani becomes optional and the keyboard percussion parts (xylophone, glockenspiel, and vibraphone) are eliminated. Bestein notes, Piccolo and Alto Flute, in the orchestral version, must sound from a distance and be unseen." Dedication.
In the score to Halil, Bestein writes:
This work is dedicated ‘To the spirit of Yadin and to his fallen brothers… Halil (the Hebrew word for ‘flute’) is formally unlike any other work I have written, but is like much of my music in its struggle between tonal and non-tonal forces. In this case, I sense that struggle as involving wars and the threat of wars, the overwhelming desire to live, and the consolations of art, love and the hope for peace. It is a kind of night-music, which, from its opening 12-tone row to its ambiguously diatonic final cadence, is an ongoing conflict of noctual images: wish-dreams, nightmares, repose, sleeplessness, night-terrors and sleep itself, Death’s twin brother. I never knew Yadin Tannenbaum, but I know his spirit. Structure.
While Bestein dabbled in dodecaphonic writing in Kaddish and Dybbuk, Halil is rooted in twelve-tone techniques. The flute solo falls silent near the end of the work, as if to suggest the wastefulness of Yadin’s death, and the alto flute embedded within the orchestra or placed off stage plays a duet with the solo viola. Halil was received well by critics; the horror that Bestein attempted to convey was heard. A Washington Tribune critic commented, [Halil is] a brooding, terrific element which whispers of nightmares and nameless horrors.